Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST2)
Links to databases
IFN-induced antiviral host restriction factor which efficiently blocks the release of diverse mammalian enveloped viruses by directly tethering nascent virions to the membranes of infected cells. Acts as a direct physical tether, holding virions to the cell membrane and linking virions to each other. The tethered virions can be internalized by endocytosis and subsequently degraded or they can remain on the cell surface. In either case, their spread as cell-free virions is restricted. Its target viruses belong to diverse families, including retroviridae: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2), simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs), equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), prototype foamy virus (PFV), Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV), human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and murine leukemia virus (MLV), flavivirideae: hepatitis C virus (HCV), filoviridae: ebola virus (EBOV) and marburg virus (MARV), arenaviridae: lassa virus (LASV) and machupo virus (MACV), herpesviridae: kaposis sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), rhabdoviridae: vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), orthomyxoviridae: influenza A virus, and paramyxoviridae: nipah virus. Can inhibit cell surface proteolytic activity of MMP14 causing decreased activation of MMP15 which results in inhibition of cell growth and migration. Can stimulate signaling by LILRA4/ILT7 and consequently provide negative feedback to the production of IFN by plasmacytoid dendritic cells in response to viral infection (PubMed:19564354, PubMed:26172439). Plays a role in the organization of the subapical actin cytoskeleton in polarized epithelial cells. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are both effective viral restriction factors but have differing antiviral and signaling activities (PubMed:23028328, PubMed:26172439). Isoform 2 is resistant to HIV-1 Vpu-mediated degradation and restricts HIV-1 viral budding in the presence of Vpu (PubMed:23028328, PubMed:26172439). Isoform 1 acts as an activator of NF-kappa-B and this activity is inhibited by isoform 2 (PubMed:23028328).
Sample type
Recommended sample types are EDTA plasma and serum. A range of additional sample types are compatible with the technology (PEA), including citrate plasma, heparin plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, (CSF), tissue and cell lysates, fine needle biopsis, microdialysis fluid, cell culture media, dried blood spots, synovial fluid, saliva, plaque extract and microvesicles. Please note that protein expression levels are expected to vary in different sample types. Certain assays are differentially affected by interfering substances such as hemolysate. Download any of our Data Validation documents or contact support@olink.com for more information.
Analytical Measuring Range
Please note: the technical data reported below refers to the measured value in the in vitro validation assays. The calibrator curve below shows the performance of the assay with the estimated sensitivity and dynamic range parameters indicated. These curves are generated during the assay validation process using recombinant antigens. Please note that when analyzing biological samples the data generated will be given in the form of relative quantification (NPX values) and cannot be converted to absolute protein concentrations. For more info about NPX measurements, please visit our FAQ page (https://www.olink.com/question/what-is-npx).
- LOD (pg/mL)
- 15.3
- LLOQ (pg/mL)
- 15.3
- ULOQ (pg/mL)
- 31250
- Hook (pg/mL)
- 62500
- Range (logs)
- 3.3
Calibrator curve for validation data (generated in multiplex)
Precision
- Within run precision Coefficient of Variation (CV)
- 4%
- Between run precision Coefficient of Variation (CV)
- 19%
Precision (repeatability) is calculated from linearized NPX values over LOD.
Biomarker Validation Data
Additional validation data, as well as a more detailed description of how the Olink panels are quality controlled can be found in our Data Validation documents. To download or to learn more go to the Data Validation page.
